local intelligence

will it local

Best local LLMs for the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2060 12GB (2021 refresh)

12GB · Turing TU106

Quietly one of the best used LLM buys: 12GB at Turing prices — runs 13B Q4 fully, which no 8GB Turing card can 192-bit/336 GB/s bus (NOT the Super's 448) — speed sits between base 2060 and 2060 Super; capacity is the selling point, not bandwidth Build llama.cpp with CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES=75 or silently lose ~19% to PTX JIT 2021 refresh sold in small volumes — used market is thinner than the 6GB 2060; patience required

explore the full catalogupgrade paths with live prices · what fits on each machine

Speed

computed band 31.0-47.0 tok/s for 8B Q4_K_M (roofline, 336.0 GB/s VRAM); community: estimated 2060-class ~35-45 tok/s 8B Q4 (kb-audit-0903)

Effective decode window: 0.48–0.72 of 336 GB/s nominal → ~161–242 GB/s effective (llama.cpp decode, Q4_K_M basis; arch window, community-calibrated)

What fits (computed)

13b-q4 offload-partial 14.6 GB vs 12 GB usable — partial CPU offload, expect large speed loss

3b-q4 full 2.8 GB needed of 12 GB usable — headroom for context

4b-q4 full 3.7 GB needed of 12 GB usable — headroom for context

8b-q4 full 6.1 GB needed of 12 GB usable — headroom for context

Cited community benches (1 rows)

→ estimated 2060-class ~35-45 tok/s · 8B Q4 no direct public bench found · kb-audit-0903

Runs fully in memory (machine alternatives)

Nominal bandwidth: 336.0 GB/s — see the effective decode window above

qwen3:0.6b on Raspberry Pi 5 + AI Kit (Hailo-8L) ($110) 0.6B · 0.6GB · needs ~1GB (4k ctx)

qwen3:1.7b on Raspberry Pi 5 + AI Kit (Hailo-8L) ($110) 1.7B · 1.4GB · needs ~1.8GB (4k ctx)

qwen3:4b on Raspberry Pi 5 + AI Kit (Hailo-8L) ($110) 4B · 2.6GB · needs ~3.2GB (4k ctx)

llama3.2:1b on Raspberry Pi 5 + AI Kit (Hailo-8L) ($110) 1B · 1.3GB · needs ~1.4GB (4k ctx)

llama3.2:3b on Raspberry Pi 5 + AI Kit (Hailo-8L) ($110) 3B · 2.0GB · needs ~2.4GB (4k ctx)

gemma3:1b on Raspberry Pi 5 + AI Kit (Hailo-8L) ($110) 1B · 1.0GB · needs ~1.1GB (4k ctx)

phi4:mini on Raspberry Pi 5 + AI Kit (Hailo-8L) ($110) mini 3.8B · 2.5GB · needs ~3GB (4k ctx)

moondream:2b on Raspberry Pi 5 + AI Kit (Hailo-8L) ($110) 2B · 1.7GB · needs ~3.7GB (4k ctx)

whisper:tiny on Raspberry Pi 5 + AI Kit (Hailo-8L) ($110) tiny · 0.1GB · needs ~2.1GB (4k ctx)

whisper on Raspberry Pi 5 + AI Kit (Hailo-8L) ($110) base · 0.3GB · needs ~2.3GB (4k ctx)

whisper:small on Raspberry Pi 5 + AI Kit (Hailo-8L) ($110) small · 0.9GB · needs ~2.9GB (4k ctx)

whisper:medium on Raspberry Pi 5 + AI Kit (Hailo-8L) ($110) medium · 3.1GB · needs ~5.1GB (4k ctx)

kokoro:82m on Raspberry Pi 5 + AI Kit (Hailo-8L) ($110) 82M · 0.3GB · needs ~2.3GB (4k ctx)

gemma3:4b on Raspberry Pi 5 + AI Kit (Hailo-8L) ($110) 4B · 3.3GB · needs ~3.8GB (4k ctx)

deepseek-r1:7b on Raspberry Pi 5 + AI Kit (Hailo-8L) ($110) distill 7B · 4.7GB · needs ~4.9GB (4k ctx)

mistral:7b on Raspberry Pi 5 + AI Kit (Hailo-8L) ($110) 7B · 4.1GB · needs ~4.6GB (4k ctx)

llava:7b on Raspberry Pi 5 + AI Kit (Hailo-8L) ($110) 7B · 4.7GB · needs ~6.7GB (4k ctx)

qwen3:8b on Tesla P100 (16GB, used) ($135) 8B · 5.2GB · needs ~5.8GB (4k ctx)

qwen2.5vl:7b on Tesla P100 (16GB, used) ($135) 7B · 5.6GB · needs ~5.8GB (4k ctx)

llama3.1:8b on Tesla P100 (16GB, used) ($135) 8B · 4.9GB · needs ~5.4GB (4k ctx)

deepseek-r1:8b on Tesla P100 (16GB, used) ($135) distill 8B · 4.9GB · needs ~5.4GB (4k ctx)

whisper:large-v3 on Tesla P100 (16GB, used) ($135) large-v3 · 6.2GB · needs ~8.2GB (4k ctx)

mistral-nemo:12b on Tesla P100 (16GB, used) ($135) 12B · 7.1GB · needs ~7.7GB (4k ctx)

sdxl on Tesla P100 (16GB, used) ($135) SDXL base · 6.9GB · needs ~8.9GB (4k ctx)

llava:13b on Tesla P100 (16GB, used) ($135) 13B · 8.0GB · needs ~11.1GB (4k ctx)

gemma3:12b on Tesla P100 (16GB, used) ($135) 12B · 8.1GB · needs ~9.6GB (4k ctx)

qwen3:14b on Tesla P100 (16GB, used) ($135) 14B · 9.3GB · needs ~9.9GB (4k ctx)

deepseek-r1:14b on Tesla P100 (16GB, used) ($135) distill 14B · 9.0GB · needs ~9.8GB (4k ctx)

phi4:14b on Tesla P100 (16GB, used) ($135) 14B · 9.1GB · needs ~9.9GB (4k ctx)

Borderline — runs, but offloads

→ gpt-oss:20b 20B MoE — 14.2 GB vs 12 GB usable — partial CPU offload, expect large speed loss

Gotchas

⚠ Quietly one of the best used LLM buys: 12GB at Turing prices — runs 13B Q4 fully, which no 8GB Turing card can

⚠ 192-bit/336 GB/s bus (NOT the Super's 448) — speed sits between base 2060 and 2060 Super; capacity is the selling point, not bandwidth

⚠ Build llama.cpp with CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES=75 or silently lose ~19% to PTX JIT

⚠ 2021 refresh sold in small volumes — used market is thinner than the 6GB 2060; patience required

Where to go next

RTX 3060 12GB (used)

$350 — same 12GB, +96 GB/s, newer stack

eBay (used) ↗ · Amazon ↗

RTX 3070 (used)

$275 — same VRAM class, much faster prefill (tensor cores)

eBay (used) ↗ · Amazon ↗

2026-09-18 · ← full hardware catalog · fit = working set vs VRAM · speeds are community-reported, cited in our knowledge base